Description

The Gray Kingbird (Tyrannus dominicensis), commonly known as the “Pipirite Chantant,” is a passerine bird measuring 23–25 cm in length, with a wingspan of 37–40 cm. To defend its territory, this bird can be very aggressive toward larger species, such as frigatebirds. Primarily insectivorous, the Gray Kingbird feeds on dragonflies, bees, wasps, cockroaches, spiders, beetles, and lizards. It is also known to attack larger prey, such as fish and hummingbirds, which it stuns before swallowing. Additionally, it consumes fruit.

Breeding occurs from March to July in the Caribbean. During this period, the pair’s aggressiveness reaches its peak, and any intruder is chased away—especially raptors, which are pursued to protect the nest.

This bird is among the earliest to sing in the morning, giving rise to the Creole expression: “rendez-vous au pipirit chantant” (“meet at the singing pipirite”).

Habitat

The Gray Kingbird is found throughout the Caribbean as well as in the Americas. It prefers open and dry areas such as fields, shrub savannas, forest edges, mangrove margins, and coastal zones. The species adapts very well to human-modified environments. The presence of well-exposed perches appears to be its only requirement, as these are essential for singing and hunting.

Threats

Due to its adaptability and aggressiveness, the species is not considered threatened within its range. However, the use of pesticides in agriculture poses a threat by reducing the availability of prey. In the French Caribbean, the Gray Kingbird is a protected species.

Sources

Tyran gris – Tyrannus dominicensis (oiseaux.net)

Tyran gris – Faits, Alimentation, Habitat & Photos sur Animalia.bio

Tyran gris (oiseaux-birds.com)