Description

The Pinchon’s Frog, scientifically named Eleutherodactylus pinchoni, is endemic to the islands of Martinique and Guadeloupe, specifically on Basse-Terre Island in Guadeloupe. It is found in similar habitats on both islands, mainly in tropical rainforests and mountainous areas, near streams or in environments rich in vegetation.

Habitat in Guadeloupe

In Guadeloupe, the Pinchon’s Frog is particularly present in the forested areas of Basse-Terre, especially within the Guadeloupe National Park, where it benefits from the protection of this territory to maintain its populations. Its habitat is very similar to that in Martinique, favoring humid areas with dense vegetation.

Lifestyle

The Pinchon’s Frog is a nocturnal and terrestrial species. It is known for its distinctive call, produced mainly by males to attract females or defend their territory. Its diet consists mainly of insects and other small invertebrates that it captures on the ground. Thanks to its effective camouflage, it often goes unnoticed by predators and researchers, making the species relatively difficult to observe.

Reproduction

Reproduction in the Pinchon’s Frog occurs mainly during the rainy season, when humidity levels are high. The female lays her eggs on the ground, in moist areas sheltered under vegetation or debris. Unlike many other amphibian species, the eggs of the Pinchon’s Frog do not go through an aquatic larval stage; instead, they develop directly into small terrestrial frogs, a process known as direct development.

Ecological Importance

The Pinchon’s Frog plays a crucial role in the ecosystem of Martinique by regulating insect populations and serving as prey for various predators. As an endemic species, it is also an important indicator of the health of its natural habitat. Its presence or absence can reflect environmental impacts such as pollution or habitat destruction.

Threats

The Pinchon’s Frog faces several threats, including habitat loss caused by deforestation, urbanization, and intensive agriculture. Climate change also poses a significant risk, as it can disrupt rainfall patterns and increase the frequency of droughts, thereby affecting the moist microhabitats essential for its survival. In addition, the introduction of invasive species, such as certain predators or competitors, represents an additional threat to this vulnerable species.

Sources

• IUCN Red List : Eleutherodactylus pinchoni
• AmphibiaWeb : Eleutherodactylus pinchoni
• Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle : Liste des amphibiens et reptiles de la Martinique
• Amphibiens et Reptiles | Parc national de la Guadeloupe (guadeloupe-parcnational.fr)